COMPAQ
COMPAQ PORTABLE
UNIT SOLD = 53,000 (1983)

  • Price US$3000.
  • CPU; i8088, 4.77MHz
  • Ram; 640 KB 
  • 9" monochrome monitor built-in
  • One or two 320KB 5.25-inch disk drive
  • Color graphic card
  • Display; 80 col. x 25 lines
  • ports; 2 parallel, 1 serial
Compaq number 1
SN; 1545020B0130

Compaq number 2
SN; 1643AB1B0790
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In february 1982, Compaq Computer Corporation is founded by Rod Canion, Jim Harris, and Bill Murto, all former senior managers of Texas Instruments. In november of 1982, Compaq Computer introduces the 28 pounds, Compaq Portable PC.
Paul Braun writes that when this machine came out, there were no clones.
Part of the reason was that IBM had published the source code for their BIOS so that they could claim that anyone who brought out their own BIOS had infringed on IBM's copyrights and would have to stop.
Since IBM's Acorn (the code name for the PC) team had sourced off-the-shelf parts for the PC to keep costs down and time-to-production to a minimum, theoretically anybody else could duplicate IBM's hardware and bring out their own PC. Except for the BIOS problem, without which you could not be guaranteed 100% compatibility.
Just try to tell a hacker that he can't possibly do something. IBM should have know better.
The guys from  Phoenix used two sets of programmers, one who had access to IBM's source code and another who could be proven in court to be source code virgins.
The first group made a list of everything the BIOS did for a specific set of inputs, but carefully avoided any mention of the original code. The second group then took all those notes and wrote their own BIOS that performed exactly the same as IBM's, but completely from scratch without any possible contamination from IBM.
They then offered their BIOS up for sale, and Compaq was the first company to bring out a 100% compatible IBM clone.
The 'luggable', as it was sometimes called, was the first IBM clone that could run 100% of the software that you could run on an IBM-branded PC.
It was the beginning of the end of IBM's hardware monopoly and the start of a multi-billion dollar industry.
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Bob Cringely's "Accidental Empires" tells a story of how the president of Compaq sold the idea of the Portable while it was balanced on the toilet in his hotel room bathroom, because that was the only room that had an AC outlet...

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